The coccidian genus Pseudoklossia

Compiled by
Donald W. Duszynski and Lee Couch
Department of Biology, University of New Mexico
and
Steve J. Upton
Division of Biology, Kansas State University

Supported by NSF-PEET DEB 9521687

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Updated: 24 August 1998
Comments: eimeria@unm.edu


The genus Pseduoklossia Leger & Duboscq, 1915 has oocysts with many sporocysts, each sporocyst generally with 2 sporozoites. Most species occur in marine molluscs, although one species (formerly Grasseella microcosmi Tuzet & Ormieres, 1960) occurs in an ascidian. The genus has traditionally been placed in the heteroxenous family Aggregatidae Labbe, 1899 because merogonous stages were never reported for the type species. However, enough other members of the genus have been examined to suggest that all members of this taxon may have direct life-cycles. Desser & Bower (1997) created the genus Margolisiella for those species with known direct life-cycles, and left the remaining, possibly heteroxenous species within the genus Pseudoklossia, family Aggregatidae. However, we believe it likely that all members of the genus will be found to be homoxenous and believe that Margolisiella should be considered a synonym of Pseudoklossia.

Pseudoklossia chitonis Debaisieux, 1919

Synonym: Margolisiella chitonis (Debaisieux, 1919) Desser & Bower, 1997
Host: Acanthochites fascicularis (Mollusca)
References: Debaisieux 1919, 1922

Pseudoklossia glomerata Leger & Duboscq, 1915

Host: Tapes floridus, T. virgineus (Mollusca)
References: Leger & Duboscq 1915

Pseudoklossia haliotis Friedman, Gardner, Hedrick, Stephenson, Cawthorn, & Upton, 1995

Synonym: Margolisiella haliotis (Friedman, Gardner, Hedrick, Stephenson, Cawthorn, & Upton, 1995) Desser & Bower, 1997
Hosts: Haliotis corrugata, H. cracherodii, H. fulgens, H. kamschatkana, H. rufescens, H. walallensis
References: Culver & Richards 1992; Friedman 1991; Friedman et al. 1993, 1995; Haaker et al. 1992;
Sommerville 1988; Steinbeck et al. 1992; VanBlaricom et al. 1993, 1994

Pseudoklossia kabatai (Desser & Bower, 1997)

Synonym: Margolisiella kabatai Desser & Bower, 1997
Synonym: Pseudoklossia sp. of Morado, Sparks, & Reed, 1984
Host: Protothaca staminea (Mollusca)
References: Desser & Bower 1997; Morado et al. 1984

Pseudoklossia microcosmi (Tuzet & Ormieres, 1960)

Synonym: Grasseella microcosmi Tuzet & Ornieres, 1960
Host: Microcosmus sulcatus (Ascidia)
References: Ormieres & Porchet-Hennere 1974; Tuzet & Ormieres 1960

Pseudoklossia patellae Debaisieux, 1919

Synonym: Margolisiella patellae (Debaisieux, 1919) Desser & Bower, 1997
Host: Patella vulgaris (Mollusca)
References: Debaisieux 1919, 1922

Pseudoklossia pectinis Leger & Dubosqc, 1917

Host: Pecten maximus (Mollusca)
References: Leger & Dubosqc 1917
This coccidian has syzygy and, thus, does not belong to the genus Pseudoklossia or the family Eimeriidae

Pseudoklossia pelseneeri (Leger, 1897) Leger & Duboscq, 1915, species inquirendae

Synonym: Hyaloklossia pelseneeri Leger, 1897
Host: Donax sp., Tellina sp. (Mollusca)
References: Debaisieux 1919, 1922; Leger 1897; Leger & Duboscq 1915
This species has 4-6 sporozoites per sporocyst and probably belongs in the genus Ovivora

Pseudoklossia semiluna Desser, Bower, & Hong, 1998

Host: Mytilus edulis, M. galloprovincialis, M. trossulus (Mollusca)
References: Bower 1992; Bower & Figeras 1989; Bower et al. 1994; Desser et al. 1998; Farley 1988; Robledo et al. 1994

Pseudoklossia tellinovum Buchanan, 1979

Synonym: Margolisiella tellinovum (Buchanan, 1979) Desser & Bower, 1997
Synonym: Merocystis tellinovum Buchanan, 1979
Host: Tellina tenuis (Mollusca)
Reference: Buchanan 1979

"Unidentified coccidian" of Leibovitz, Schot, & Karney, 1984

Host: Argopecten irradians (Mollusca)
Reference: Karlsson 1991; Leibovitz et al. 1984; Whyte et al. 1994

References

Bower, S.M. 1992. Diseases and parasites of mussels. In, The Mussel Mytilus. Ecology, physiology, genetics and culture. Developments in Aquaculture and Fisheries Science, volume 25. Gosling, E. ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam. pp. 543-563.

Bower, S.M. and Figueras, A.J. 1989. Infectious diseases of mussels, especially pertaining to mussel transplantation. World Aquaculure 20: 89-93.

Bower, S.M., McGladdery, S.E., and Weller, I. 1994. Synopsis of infectious diseases and parasites of commercially exploited shellfish. Annual Review of Fish Diseases 4: 1-199.

Buchanan, J.S. 1979. On two new species of coccidian from the marine bivalve, Tellina tenuis (da Costa) - an adeliorine from the renal organ and an eimeriorine from the ovary. Haliotis 8: 57-65.

Culver, C.S., and Richards, J.B. 1992. Black abalone mortality: Establishing a research agenda. Summary of a workshop sponsored by the Sea Grant extension program, University of California, cooperative extension. 5 September 1991. Report No. T-CSGCP-024, California Sea Grant College, University of California. 32 pp.

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Debaisieux, P. 1922. Note sur deux coccidies des mollusques: Pseudoklossia (?) patellae et P. chitonis. Cellule 32: 233-246.

Desser, S.S., and Bower, S.M. 1997. Margolisiella kabatai gen. et sp. n. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae), a parasite of native littleneck clams, Protothaca staminea, from British Columbia, Canada, with a taxonomic revision of the coccidian parasites of bivalves (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Folia Parasitologica (Praha) 44: 241-247.

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Friedman, C.S., Gardner, G.R., Hedrick, R.P., Stephenson, M., Cawthorn, R.J., and Upton, S.J. 1995. Pseudoklossia haliotis sp. n. (Apicomplexa) from the kidney of California abalone, Haliotis spp. (Mollusca). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 66: 33-38.

Haaker, P.L., Parker, D.O., Togstad, H., Richards, D.V., Davis, G.E., and Friedman, C.S. 1992. Mass mortality and withering syndrome in black abalone, Haliotis cracherodii, in California. In, Abalone of the World: Biology, Fisheries and Culture. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Abalone, La Paz, Mexico, 21-25 November 1989. Shepard, S.A., Tegner, M.J., and Guzman del Proo, S.A., eds. Fishing News Books, Blackwell, Oxford. Pp. 214-224.

Karlsson, J.D. 1991. Parasites of the bay scallop, Argopecten irradians (Lamarck, 1819). In, World Aquaculture Workshop, Number 1, An InternationalCompendium of Scallop Biology and Culture. Shumway, S.E., and Sandifer, P.A., eds. The World Aquaculture Society, Baton Rouge. Pp. 180-190.

Leger, L. 1897. Sur la presence des coccidies chez les mollusques lamellibranches. Comptes Rendus Societe de Biologie 49: 987-988.

Leger, L., and Duboscq, O. 1915. Pseudoklossia glomerata n. g. n. sp., coccidie de lamellibranche. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale 55: 7-16.

Leger, L., and Duboscq, O. 1917. Pseudoklossia pectinis n. sp. et l'origine des Adeleidees. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale 56: 88-94.

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Ormieres, R., and Porchet-Hennere, E. 1974. Donnees nouvelles sur la coccidie Grasseella microcosmi Tuz. Orm., 1960: demonstration, par l'etude ultrasructurale de l'existence d'une schizogonie dans son cycle biologique. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 99: 545-549.

Robledo, J.A.F., Santarim, M.M., and Figueras, A. 1994. Parasite loads of rafted blue mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) in Spain with special reference to the copepod, Mytilicola intestinalis. Aquaculture 127: 287-302.

Steinbeck, J.R., Groff, J.M., Friedman, C.S., McDowell, T., and Hedrick, R.P. 1992. Investigations into a mortality among populations of the California black abalone, Haliotis cracherodii, on the central coast of California, U.S.A. In, Abalone of the World: Biology, Fisheries and Culture. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Abalone, La Paz, Mexico, 21-25 November 1989. Shepard, S.A., Tegner, M.J., and Guzman del Proo, S.A., eds. Fishing News Books, Blackwell, Oxford. Pp. 203-213.

Tuzet, O., and Ormieres, R. 1960. Grasseella microcosmi n. g. n. sp. coccidie parasite de Microcosmus sulcatus Coqueb. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences 250: 2641-2643.

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Whyte, S.K., Cawthorn, R.J., and McGladdery, S.E. 1994. Co-infection of bay scallops Argopecten irradians with Perkinsus karlossoni (Apicomplexa: Perkinsea) and an unidentified coccidian parasite. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 18: 53-62.